No underlying cause id found in most of the cases of congenital heart disease. However, the following factors are possibly responsible for it.
Congenital heart diseases may be classified into the following three groups.
Ductus arteriosus in normally present in the intrauterine life but closes soon after birth. When it does not close, this condition develops. Maternal Rubella may account for the incidence of PDA in many cases, Here blood from the aorta is shunted to the pulmonary artery both during systole and diastole.Thus volume overload is imposed on the left ventricle as it pumps blood blood both into systemic and pulmonary circulation. Significant haemodynanic changes are not seen in small shunt but there is a threat to endocarditis. Moderate shunt will lead to volume load on the left atrium and ventricle with left ventricular dilatation and atrial fibrillation.
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